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Expansion

Modernisation

By 1907, there more than 60 M&S Penny Bazaars around the UK. In 1909 a new Penny Bazaar store opened at 76 Briggate, it was rebuilt in 1925, extended the following year and again eight years later. The 1920s and 30s were a time of great expansion for the business; prices now ranged from a penny up to five shillings and the wide selection of goods was streamlined. By the 1930s clothing and food were the largest departments. 

Simon Marks (Michael’s son who became M&S Chairman in 1916) travelled to America to find out more about how successful department stores were being managed in the United States. He came back with lots of new ideas and set about making M&S stores lighter and brighter, with goods displayed in elaborate arrangements. 

M&S transformed from Penny Bazaar to department store. These new 'superstores' were a whole new concept in shopping. Some of the household goods were cut out and replaced by clothing and foods, a gradual changeover which continued through the 1930s.

Early Marks & Spencer storefront with display windows and upper-floor signage.
M&S Penny Bazaar at 76 Briggate, 1909

A formal black and white group portrait from around 1900 showing a lineup of young female staff at a Marks & Spencer Penny Bazaar in Cross Arcade. The women wear dark dresses with high collars and are positioned behind a wooden balustrade. Two men—likely managers—stand at the back, one wearing a uniform cap. The group is posed in front of an arched window in a stone building.
M&S Penny Bazaar at 76 Briggate

Black and white photo of 3-storey department store with signage 'Marks & Spencer Ltd' above shop frontage
Marks & Spencer Store in Briggate, Leeds

Black-and-white photograph of a decorated department store interior advertising toys and Christmas goods downstairs.
M&S shopfloor and entrance to basement level, 77-78 Briggate, 4 Dec 1933